The State of The Cross was proclaimed in 1849, in Xocén, a south-eastern satellite of modern Valladolid where the Proclamation of Juan de la Cruz ( John of the Cross) was first read to the people.
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The descendants of this short-lived Maya free state and those who live like them are commonly known as Cruzoob (Reed 1964). The former Xiu Maya state remained in the hands of the Yucateco Creoles. This uprising, reaching its high tide in 1848, called La Guerra de las Castas Caste War of Yucatan by the Mexicans, resulted in the independence of the old Iz'a Maya state. Exactly three days after Ay's death, the eastern Maya, now identified as Uiz'oob ('Loincloths'), rose in a general uprising which nearly drove the Yucatecos entirely from Chan Santa Cruz (Huchim 1997:97–107). (These constitute written orders, through an established military chain of command, to step up the plan.) They were written in the wake of the death of the Batab of Chichimilla, Antonio Manuel Ay, on Aug(6 Kaban, 5 Xul), in a sanctuary plaza at Saki', the sacred 'White' city of the north near present-day Vallodolid. They had been planning this action for some time, as revealed by letters discovered in the 21st century. When the Criollo class declared Yucatecan independence in the mid-19th century and began fighting over control of the resources of their infant state, the Maya leadership saw their best chance to gain independence. This campaign finally ended with the death of the Kanek and his closest followers on Decem('10 Kaban, 15 Yax'). The most famous of these campaigns was against the indigenous Kanek and his followers. The Spanish were thoroughly occupied in 'pacifying' the Maya of the western half of the Iz'a state through the 18th century. Upon the fall of Peten Iz'a, only the Iz'a province of Uaan maintained an independent existence, and this only through strict secrecy. (For example Diego de Landa makes no mention of this province in his enumeration of Yucatecan provinces.) But, the provincial capital, Chable ('Anteater'), is mentioned several times in the books of Chilam Balam as a cycle seat (Edmonson 1984). The province of Uaan (meaning 'Fan Palm, Entity, State, Exist'), remained unknown to the Spanish. This provenance is not universally accepted. This evidence includes pages from a Spanish book which were reused as writing paper for several pages of the manuscript (Coe 1998). Scholars suggest that a Maya hieroglyphic manuscript, now held in Madrid, Spain, was created at Nojpetén some years after the invasion of Yucatán. The Itza' state continued to train and educate indigenous Maya leaders in the sanctuaries of the southern province, Peten Itza', 'Lake of the Adepts', through the invasion and sack of the island capital Nojpetén by general Martín de Ursúa on Ma('6 Kimi, 9 Kank'in'). This alliance subsequently inflicted massive property and population losses upon the Itza' Maya state. One of two successors to the defunct League of Mayapan, this state consisted of the eastern half of the Yucatán Peninsula during the decades preceding the Spanish invasion.Įarly post-invasion influences include Arawak and Carib refugees from the islands, shipwrecked Spaniards and escaped African slaves.Īfter the Spanish had begun to occupy areas near here, the Xiu Maya state of the western half of the peninsula, tired of fighting both the Itza' and the Spanish, allied with the Spanish Empire. The northern portion of the mapped area was probably included within the state of Coba during the Classic Period. The people of the former Chan Santa Cruz state are predominantly indigenous descendants of the Maya. 3.1 Official correspondence and international treaties of the Maya state.
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